Can You Fix a Frame on a Car? Understanding Structural Damage Repair

Experiencing a car collision can be distressing, especially when you suspect structural damage. A common question that arises is: Can You Fix A Frame On A Car after such an event? The good news is, according to automotive experts, the answer is often yes. With the right expertise, equipment, and repair procedures, damaged vehicle frames can be effectively restored to their pre-collision condition, ensuring vehicle safety and performance.

Industry leaders like Collision Advice CEO Mike Anderson and Database Enhancement Gateway (DEG) Administrator Danny Gredinberg emphasize that vehicle structures are engineered to absorb impact forces during accidents. This design allows for the frame to be repaired and returned to its original state, crucial for maintaining the vehicle’s safety features. Gredinberg highlights, “Because structural damage is a very common occurrence it can be corrected.” He advises car owners to inquire about a repair shop’s capabilities: “Ask your shop, what kind of tools, equipment, and training do they have? If the shop has made the required investment, which can cost a lot of money, structural damage can be fixed correctly following manufacturers’ procedures.” This investment in specialized equipment and training is a key indicator of a shop’s ability to handle frame repairs effectively.

When is Frame Damage Repairable?

While frame damage repair is often possible, the extent of the damage and the vehicle’s overall value play significant roles in determining the repairability. A recent article from Kelley Blue Book (KBB) provides valuable insights into vehicle frame damage. KBB points out, “Depending on the severity of the damage, frame damage is repairable but insurance companies will usually declare the car a total loss if repairing the frame damage on a vehicle costs more than its value.” This highlights a critical point: insurance companies often consider a vehicle a total loss when the cost of frame repairs exceeds the car’s market value.

It’s crucial to understand that an insurance company’s assessment isn’t always the final word on whether frame damage repair is feasible. KBB recommends seeking a second opinion from a qualified collision repair shop, independent of your insurer. A thorough inspection, potentially involving partial disassembly, by a reputable shop can provide a more detailed assessment of the damage. Furthermore, if your insurance policy includes an appraisal clause, you have the option to engage an independent third-party appraiser to evaluate the repairability and value, offering an alternative perspective to the insurance company’s determination.

However, KBB also cautions, “Not every body shop is equipped or knowledgeable enough to return a frame to its pre-accident integrity.” Proper car frame repair demands specialized training, considerable experience, and access to the correct equipment. Moreover, some instances of frame damage are simply too severe to restore the vehicle to a safe and functional condition. In such cases, insurance companies will rightfully declare the vehicle a total loss.

Understanding Total Loss and Salvage Titles

The term “total loss” often leads to the assumption that a vehicle is beyond repair and destined for salvage. However, as clarified during a Collision Industry Conference (CIC) meeting, this isn’t always the case. While some totaled vehicles are indeed irreparable, others can be safely rebuilt and returned to the road. The concern arises when vehicles are unsafely repaired and then resold with “clean” titles, masking their history of significant damage.

Robert McDorman, Managing Director at Auto Claim Specialists, illustrated this issue by analyzing a sample of 200 total loss claims. His findings revealed that while a majority (66.5%) were correctly titled as salvage, a significant portion (19%) remained with “clean” titles in the client’s name. These “clean title” vehicles often undergo substandard repairs and are then reintroduced into the market, posing safety risks to unsuspecting buyers.

Sandy Blalock, Executive Director of the Automotive Recyclers Association (ARA), further explained that total loss thresholds – the percentage of damage relative to vehicle value that triggers a total loss declaration – vary by state. Additionally, the determination of total loss isn’t solely based on repair costs exceeding vehicle value. The “total loss formula,” commonly used in the collision industry, also factors in the vehicle’s salvage value. If the combined cost of repair and salvage value exceeds the vehicle’s pre-accident value, it may be deemed a total loss.

Identifying Signs of Frame Damage

If you suspect vehicle frame damage, there are several telltale signs to look for. Kelley Blue Book outlines the following indicators:

• Unusually worn tires: Uneven tire wear can be a sign of frame misalignment.
• Diagonal vehicle tracks: If your car appears to move slightly sideways while driving straight, it could indicate a bent frame.
• Poorly fitting panels and parts: Gaps or misalignment in body panels, doors, trunk, or hood can point to underlying frame issues. Doors that stick or don’t close smoothly are also red flags.
• Steering pull: If your car consistently pulls to one side, even after a wheel alignment, frame damage could be the cause.
• New rattles or squeaks: Unexplained noises while driving, especially when combined with other symptoms, can signal structural problems.

Understanding your vehicle’s frame type is also helpful. Modern cars predominantly utilize a unibody frame construction, where the frame and body are integrated into a single unit. This design incorporates crumple zones for enhanced safety, but significant impacts can still lead to frame damage. In contrast, some trucks, vans, and larger SUVs still employ a body-on-frame construction, where the body is bolted to a separate frame. Body-on-frame designs offer more flexibility for towing and hauling but are also susceptible to damage in collisions.

The Critical Role of OEM Repair Procedures

Regardless of the frame type, if frame repairs are deemed possible, it is paramount that the chosen repair shop adheres to OEM repair procedures. Original Equipment Manufacturer (OEM) procedures are detailed guidelines provided by vehicle manufacturers that outline the precise steps for repairs and parts replacement, specific to each vehicle model. Following these procedures is essential to ensure the structural integrity and safety of the repaired vehicle.

In conclusion, while the question “can you fix a frame on a car?” is often met with a positive answer, it’s crucial to approach frame damage repair with diligence. Seek assessments from qualified repair professionals, understand the factors influencing repairability, and prioritize shops that utilize proper equipment, training, and OEM procedures. By making informed decisions, you can ensure your vehicle is safely and effectively restored after a collision.